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## Simulations

- The C++ library has a random number generator, which produces numbers that appear to be random.
- Calling `rand()` yields a random number between 0 and `RAND_MAX` (usually 32767, but implementation dependent).
- These numbers actual come from a a very long sequence of numbers computed from fairly simple formulas; they just behave like random numbers.
- For that reason they are often called pseudorandom numbers.
- The following program produces the exact same output every time the program is run (because the numbers are generated with formulas).

  >     int main()
  >     {
  >        int i;
  >        for (i = 1; i <= 10; i++)

  >        {
  >           int r = rand();
  >           cout << r << "\n";
  >        }
  >        return 0;
  >     }

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