Vectors and Arrays

Character Arrays

There was a time when C++ had no string class.
All string processing was carried out by manipulating arrays of the type char.
The char type denotes an individual character and is delimited by single quotes.
```
char input = 'y'; /* don't confuse with "y" */
```

A character array is used to hold a string.

char greeting[] = "Hello";
   /* same as greeting[6] = "Hello"; */

The array occupies size characters - one for each letter and a zero terminator.

greeting[0]

greeting[1]

greeting[2]

greeting[3]

greeting[4]

greeting[5]

'H'

'e'

'l'

'l'

'o'

'\0'
You do not need to specify the size of the array variable for a character array constant.

`greeting[0]`	`greeting[1]`	`greeting[2]`	`greeting[3]`	`greeting[4]`	`greeting[5]`
`'H'`	`'e'`	`'l'`	`'l'`	`'o'`	`'\0'`